Quanto segue è una cernita di passaggi operata dal capitolo decimo del libro La pulizia etnica della Palestina del Nuovo Storico israeliano Ilan Pappe . L'estratto riguarda i parchi turistici del Jewish National Fund in Israele ed il loro collegamento con il memoricidio della Nakba . Non potevo non inserire questo contributo nel ciclo di post " appunti sulla geografia politica del conflitto israeliano-palestinese ".
Per motivi legati al mantenimento della coerenza del testo riportato (Are taken) I took a few phrases from times trying to avoid distorting the meaning of the work made by the author, I have also deprived the text of some parts that made specific reference to site because of the JNF from the date of publication of the book (2006) To date, the site in question has been updated and amended. Good reading.
In Israel the JNF and the Jewish world is seen as very environmentally responsible agency that owes its reputation to the way that is dedicated to planting trees, to reinstate the local flora and landscapes, facilitating the opening of dozens of resorts and parks, with picnic areas and playgrounds for children.
After 1948, when it was decided to create their own national parks on the sites of Palestinian villages destroyed, the decision on what to plant that was completely in the hands of the JNF, which, in an attempt to appear more European country and to promote the wood industry, since they opted mainly for conifers instead of the natural indigenous flora of Palestine. That is why forest in Israel today there are only 11 percent of native species and because only 10 percent of all forests date from before 1948.
But these particular species are ill-adapted to local terrain and, despite i ripetuti trattamenti, le piante si ammalano, capita che i pini si spacchino in due e in mezzo al tronco spuntino degli ulivi come reazione naturale ad una flora aliena.
La vera missione del JNF è stata quella di nascondere i resti visibili della Palestina, non solo piantando alberi, ma anche tramite una cronaca che nega l'esistenza dei villaggi. Nei parchi viene mostrata la storia ufficiale sionista, contestualizzando ogni luogo dentro la metanarrazione nazionale del popolo ebraico e di Eretz Israel, sovrascrivendola a quella delle popolazioni indigene. Nella home page del sito web ufficiale del JNF si legge che l'agenzia si è assunta il compito di far fiorire il deserto and make the landscape similar to the European Arab historian. What is not said to visitors is that the Fund is also the lead agency whose task is to avoid these "forests" any act to commemorate the Nakba, the less the visits of Palestinian refugees whose homes lie buried under these trees and places tourism.
Four of the largest and most popular picnic areas that appear on the website of the JNF - Birya the forest, the park of Ramat Menashe, the green areas of Jerusalem and the forest of Sataf - now summarize all , better than any other place in Israel and the Nakba and its negation.
's forest Birya
Located in the region of Safad (North District) is the largest forest in Israel due to the work of man is very busy and hides homes and lands of at least six Palestinian villages. Here, as in many sites of the JNF, the bustans - Palestinian farmers were planting orchards around the farms - are attributed to the nature and history of Palestine is returned to a biblical and Talmudic past. The same fate that touches one of the most popular villages, al-Zaytuna Ayin, evacuated in May 1948 with the massacre of many inhabitants. The name of al-Ayin Zatun è citato, ma sentite come:
Ein Zeitun è diventato uno dei luoghi di maggiore attrazione e divertimento perché offre ampi tavoli da picnic e parcheggi per disabili. E' situato sul vecchio insediamento di Ein Zeitun, dove gli ebrei hanno vissuto dai tempi medioevali fino al XVIII secolo. Ci sono stati quattro tentativi falliti di insediamento ebraico. Il parcheggio ha gabinetti biologici e aree giochi. Vicino al parcheggio c'è un monumento in memoria dei soldati caduti nella Guerra dei Sei Giorni.
Mescoloando in modo fantasioso storia e informazioni turistiche, il testo cancella completamente from the collective memory of the thriving Palestinian community that the Jewish troops wiped out within hours. The narrative takes the reader on his journey in the forest and brings it back to an alleged city Talmudic skipping an entire millennium of Palestinian villages and communities.
The Ramat Menashe Park
Birya extends south of the Ramat Menashe Park. He holds the ruins of Lajjun, Mansi, Kafrayn, Butaymat, Hubeiza, al-Daliyat Rawhi, Sabbarin, Burayka, Sindiyana and Umm al-Zinat. Right in the middle of the park are the remains of the destroyed village of Daliyat al-Rabat Rawhi now covered by the kibbutz Menashe and still see the ruins of the houses of the village exploded Kafrayn.
The tour guide gently in the park guests from one point to another, and all have Arabic names: the names of villages are destroyed, but here are presented as natural or geographic locations that do not betray any previous human presence. The reason why we move so easily from one place to another is given by the JNF to a network of roads that were paved in the "English period". But because the British preoccuparonoinformazioni provides that the JNF.
The green areas of Jerusalem
The last two examples are from Jerusalem. The western slopes of the city are covered by the "forest of Jerusalem." In 1956 Yossef Weitz complained to the mayor of Jerusalem to the arid hills of the Western view of the city. Eight years previously covered by the houses and cultivated lands of the Palestinian villages full of life. In 1967 he finally gave Weitz efforts are bearing fruit: the JNF planted a million trees on 4,500 dunams of land surrounding Jerusalem. At the southern end, the forest reaches the ruins of the village of Ain Karim and serves to Beit Mazmil. End Western Forest lies on the ground and destroyed houses in the village of Beit Horish, whose population was expelled in 1949, and still farther on Desir Yassin, Zuba, Sataf, Jura and Beit Umm al-Meis.
Information provided by the JNF the emphasis is on the various terraces excavated along the western slopes: as of appertutto, these terraces are always "old" even if it was built by the Palestinian farmers less than two or three generations ago.
Last geographical location is the Palestinian village of Sataf, located in one of the most beautiful spots in top of the mountains of Jerusalem. The main attraction of the place according to the JNF, is a re-supply of the 'old' agriculture (kadum in Hebrew). The adjective "old" is used for every detail: the trails are "ancient", the steps are "old" and so on. Sataf, in effect, a Palestinian village was evacuated and almost completely destroyed in 1948.
Here the mix of terraces and Palestinians in the ruins of four or five buildings are almost completely intact at the JNF has inspired the creation of a new concept, the bustanof (bustan more nof, the Hebrew word for 'landscape ', the equivalent of something like' view of the orchard ').
A Sataf, the JNF promises more adventurous visitors a "secret garden" and a "hidden source," two gems to be discovered among the terraces, "a witness of 6000 years of human life ago, which culminated in the Second Temple period. " Is not that what these terraces were described in 1949 when Jewish immigrants from Arab countries were sent to repopulate the Palestinian village and occupy the houses remained standing. Only when these settlers proved to be intractable, the JNF decided to transform the village into a tourist site.
Then, in 1949, the Israeli Committee made a name for research trovare una corrispondenza biblica per quel luogo, ma non trovò alcuna correlazione con le fonti ebraiche. Perciò si escogitò di associare il vigneto che circondava il villaggio a quelli menzionati nei Salmi biblici e nel Cantico dei Cantici. Per un po' venne inventato persino un nome di fantasia per quel posto, "Bikura" -il primo frutto dell'estate-, ma non funzionò perché gli israeliani si erano già abituati al nome Sataf.
Le informazioni sui cartelli installati dal JNF sono ovunque ampiamente disponibili. In Israele c'è sempre stata una fiorente documentazione rivolta al turismo interno in cui la coscienza ecologica, l'ideologia sionista e la cancellazione of the past often go hand in hand. It seems that the encyclopedias, travel guides and illustrations created for this purpose are increasingly popular and highly required now more than ever before. In this way, the JNG "greening" the crimes of 1948 to ensure that Israel can tell a story by deleting another. As written by Walid Khalidi in his vigorous style: "E 'commonplace of history that the victors of war and get away with the loot, and with the version of events."
Despite this deliberate banality of the story, the fate of the villages that lie buried under the theme parks in Israel is intimately linked to the future of Palestinian families who once lived and now, almost sixty years later, still live in refugee camps scattered in remote communities.
The solution to the Palestinian refugee issue remains the key to any just and lasting solution to the conflict in Palestine for nearly sixty years, the Palestinians were still, as a nation, recognized in the request to see the their legal rights, in particular the right of return, already guaranteed by the United Nations in 1948.
Adapted from Ilan Pappe The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine.
Elements of this cycle:
Introduction to the course of post "Notes on the political geography of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict"
The battle map part 1: Zionism and cartography.
The battle map Part 2: Cards as Weapons in Israel-Palestine.
A look at Israel's policy on green spaces.
Elements of this cycle:
Introduction to the course of post "Notes on the political geography of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict"
The battle map part 1: Zionism and cartography.
The battle map Part 2: Cards as Weapons in Israel-Palestine.
A look at Israel's policy on green spaces.
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