Saturday, June 28, 2008

Appalachian State University T-shirts

Siamo tutti daltonici

just as we see them? What we perceive with our senses touches at least a little 'truth' spoken of by philosophers? Far from even groped to respond to such high matters, I devote myself to understand what 'this thing called color. That something will center 'as well.

We humans are more 'or less all three colors (if the translation is' right), except for the color-blind and lucky tetracromati. In our eyes we have ie 'three types of cells, cones, sensitive to the wavelength of light that comes, named with Short, Medium and Long. Their ability 'to answer' centered at three different wavelengths: blue (Short, 420-440 nm), green (Medium, 534-545 nm) and red (Long, 564-580 nm). These three colors are then usually chosen as a base to build all the others are the primary colors. Anyone who thinks that instead of the three primary colors are cyan, magenta and yellow, simply because he too. The choice of three (or more ') primary colors and' arbitrary. Why '? It 's not being a primary color properties' intrinsic nature? It 's not the color of a property' of the light that is reflected from objects or born? Following Umberto Maturana and Francisco Varela ("The tree of knowledge"), the response (negative) leads away. Staying at the color, we can say something that sounds strano: chi lo percepisce e' colui che lo sta creando , e che il colore con la luce centra, ma non troppo. Cioe'.




A ogni singola lunghezza d'onda della luce si puo' abbinare un singolo colore, questo si. Un laser (monocromatico) a 530 nm da' luce verde, a 580 nm gialla. Ma se vedo qualcosa di giallo, al contrario, non posso dire nulla di certo sulla lungheza d'onda della luce da lui emessa, riflessa o diffusa. Potrebbe essere tutto tranne 580 nm. Il motivo e' che esiste un numero infinito di combinazioni di diverse lunghezze d'onda (diversi spettri), che dall'oggetto arrivano al mio occhio, che messe insieme mi daranno la stessa sensazione di "giallo". Ed il colore non e' altro che la

sensazione che noi abbiamo di quella qualita' visiva delle cose. In altre parole colore non e' uguale a lunghezza d'onda: non c'e' relazione biunivoca tra i due. Noi vediamo dello stesso identico colore cose che in verita', se analizzate con strumenti, riflettono o emettono luce con spettri completamente diversi. Il mondo e' piu' "colorato" di quello che ci sembra, siamo tutti come daltonici, perdiamo informazione quando guardiamo.



Come dicevo, c'e' una base biologica a scegliere blu-verde-rosso (RGB) come colori primari, basato su dove e' in frequenza il picco della risposta dei nostri sensori visivi (i coni). Questi sono i colori su cui sono basati gli schermi del computer or television or projectors with three large blue lights just red and green. Adding
light Red Green and Blue, make all other colors. Unlike the case with the brushes. Paint, oil or water color have that color that we see why ' absorb the incident light white (containing all wavelengths) all colors except the one that we attribute to. subtract

color to white light, while a projector adds different wavelengths. For this in a projector or the computer sum of all colors (or wavelengths of only three basic) and 'white, while the mixture of all time and' a disgusting black. The total mixture on the palette of the artist has removed all wavelengths from white light (ie black), the pixels of the screen or the projector has the added (ie white). anyway. Let me give an example of something that happened really changed, even on non-bijective 'color-wavelength. Suppose you have a perfect source of yellow light, 580 nm precise (a laser, so for example). Take a glass filter that blocks exactly 580 nm, while all other wavelengths pass through quiet and let us make the glasses. Put on these glasses, should not we be more 'able to see the yellow (the occhiali "anti-Kant" chiamiamoli, per motivi filosofici), perche' quella lunghezza d'onda semplicemente non passa attraverso le lenti e non arriva al nostro occhio. E infatti se andiamo davanti al nostro laser che sappiamo essere giallo non vediamo piu' la sua luce. Bloccano il giallo questi occhiali, pensiamo. Poi pero' andiamo al computer e apriamo una pagina che ha dei bei quadrati colorati sul lato, e cavolo, li vediamo gialli senza problemi! Ma non bloccavano il giallo questi occhiali?



La soluzione, facile, e' che la luce che proviene da quei quadrati gialli che eludono le nostre lenti-filtri, non contengono quasi per nulla la lunghezza d'onda 580 nm che noi chiamiamo "il" giallo. Quella dei quadrati e' light that contains only red and green (no blue) from each pixel. The color yellow and 'format in our brain in spite of the absence of the wavelength that we attribute to yellow. We have created us that yellow squares, in truth, 'there is no' sign of yellow (as a wavelength) in the light of the pixels. The color we perceive, then, is not 'strictly a property' of the objects and the light that comes from them. Rather, it is 'all of these disturbances which are external light, but with' internal neural states of our visual system and cognitive development in general, which are generated by external perturbations. Neurons that were obviously depend on our property physical illness (cones, optic nerve, the connections of neurons in the brain activated by those cones, etc.). So, in our experience of color ourselves with our body structure and physical and mental play a key role. It 's not too unbelievable to even think about, basically. Well, instead. Accustomed as we are to think that viewers of something "out there" that happens in a world objectively and independently of us. Why 'The interesting thing' that this long and tedious discourse on color spreads easily throughout our experience. The knowledge, personal experience we have of the world 'out there', and 'essentially a set of patterns and neural states that are stimulated from external (light, mechanical, chemical etc). What pattern and which states will be stimulated neural structure depends essentially on the physical and mental health (which I think are synonyms) of the individual, and not just solely by stimulating parts of the disruption. In fact 'that there are people who literally "see" sounds and "feel" of colors ( Sinestesia ). They have, they do not know how lucky chosen few, the neuronal channels, carrying different functions, such as sound and sight, intersecting with each other: an external perturbation can 'generate stimulus' channels that are normally independent, and "show" a sound. What then these channels may have cognitive also be stimulated by internal disturbances, generated by ourselves for ourselves (thoughts, mental images, ideas, anxieties and emotions), with capacity is being 'self-referential character incredibly complex, complicated and interesting for those who want to understand (including himself).

However, since our experience anchored firmly on our structure, we do not see

"" colors, but we live our color space, we see no

space out there, but we live our field of vision. us create the color, us create the world we experience, this is the conclusion of Varela and Maturana. And the thing is true of any living being, without priority 'to humans. A bacterium experiences a world of chemistry, and maybe he will call 'color what we call the concentration gradient, in which he and' sensitive. The thing I like 'cause, as I said of quantum mechanics , puts the viewer in the world within the world he observes. No more 'mere spectators of a show at the theater, but actors in the scene itself we thought to observe from afar. So dependent on us, the scene, they can say to create it ourselves with our structure. And 'that the our scene, as we see it and feel we do not see anyone else. Ethical implications, yet are essential: come possiamo danneggiare, compromettere o distruggere un mondo che non e' piu' propriamente "la fuori" indipendentemente da noi, ma di cui siamo parte integrante, insieme figli e genitori?


Friday, June 27, 2008

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Le scelte di Algoorithm 6.1


Sul pianeta Terra, Algoorithm 6.1 fu lanciato nel 2140. Fu quello il punto di svolta nella relazione Umanità - macchina sul pianeta. Pur essendoci stati elementi che spinsero pochi scettici a criticare l'uso che se ne stava facendo, le tragiche conseguenze rimasero del tutto impreviste. Algoorithm 5.8, il diretto predecessore, dava ottimi risultati e accontentava praticamente la totalità degli utenti. Questo fino al cambio drastico della versione 6.1.

The advanced search engine Algoorithm 5.8, as even a few nostalgic liked to call him before the arrival of 6.1, had access to essentially complete human knowledge. It was a time, those in which any product of the living brain or machine could now be made available to the large network, and thus be seen, read, heard or "felt" more directly through the sensor chips that have more than 90 % of world population could afford.

And obviously the product thought in the past, with the totality of his inventions and events, had already spread from memory time. The physical space to store all the information from texts written by humanity to the daily thoughts of an active NewBlogger of Rete_Sfera, would never have missed thanks to new technologies that encapsulate the bits into atoms packed into crystals semiorganici. In a few cubic centimeters could live the thought of a whole generation of writers with their work or daily feelings and fears. Everything could be digitized, from the written word to the volume of a sculpture, and then processed by Algoorithm.

The right to privacy was still protected, which lasted also 6.1. If a thought or an idea not so formed or not decided, was to be excluded from the network global will of its owner, could be blocked without any problem at source. The export by 5.8 Algoorithm the gray matter of the creator to the external network is open to everyone and everything just was not performed. But in practice few were those who took care not to make public their private side, with the exception of extreme intimacy. Somehow the whole of this phenomenon of partnership, in addition to simple emulation (but important), seemed paradoxically to give the individual a sense of protection and communalism which limited the shame or fear.

What changed in the new version of Algoorithm was a protocol developed inizialmente per massimizzare il successo della pubblicità sull'individuo, in grado di generare vere e proprie scelte e

decisioni

per problemi posti dall'utilizzatore. Non solo rispondeva a domande semplicemente nozionistiche (cosa che da quasi cent'anni ormai avveniva), ma Algoorithm 6.1 poteva "decidere" analizzando tutta l'informazione a lui disponibile. Informazione che ormai si avvicinava ad essere la globalità dell'informazione generata e disponibile sul pianeta. Non che poi le sue decisioni su problemi più o meno importanti avessero qualche effetto diretto sulla realtà fuori dalla rete digitale. Questo fu vero almeno se inteso come effetto independent from the action of Men. But the algorithm was so effective that over time people began to trust and to act upon the output received from the program. This was the cause of the problem.

Its database, then, it was virtually all-encompassing. They now have access, the new algorithm, to practically everything that human produced, and had produced in their history, in terms of ideas and considerations, the preferences and tastes, and philosophy of science, technology and art, history and architecture , as well as individual conversations and instant messages. The statistic was huge, and very widespread. Possessed, and then analyzed "Getting it" (to use a term dear to her programmer), for example, the personal tastes of almost the whole population, who had diligently shared with the network all that seemed good to share, from music to political predilections, by the feeling had on one occasion, the effect of rain on your mood, how to repair the oven ion beam or hydrogen engine of his car.

E 6.1 Algoorithm could see the whole network simultaneously and immediately. The new algorithm used by the handful that information to adjust its parameters and to within a choice applied from the outside, the best answer or strategy maximize the desired outcome.

People began to use the new gadget with curiosity, and most people used it, the more the program could improve himself, like going on for some time now, even without need of direct user feedback. The statistic was so great that provide everything needed to grow "own" the algorithm.

Most different decisions would be sought to Algoorithm 6.1. From clothing to be worn in order to succeed on one occasion, what to cook in the evening for the new host, or for the private citizen and how to find work for a company as a recruitment strategy to follow. All asked the prophecy of this modern haruspex practically omniscient. The game of chess and Go completely lost their attractiveness because solvable by Algoorithm 6.1: Once the personality of the challenger was known (final obstacle to victory systematic machine man), the algorithm could not lose.

there was an unexpected effect in the stock market instead, which of course great attention was focused just released Algoorithm 6.1. Initially, the choices were pretty good software to predict market trends: knowing well the history of all individual companies (including individual employees) was not too difficult to predict the trend a breve-medio termine. L'informazione era semplicemente sufficiente e l'algoritmo capace di leggerla e trovare le giuste correlazioni. E infatti inizialmente fu usato e fece guadagnare molto.

Ma quando una certa massa critica di persone ed enti finanziari iniziarono a usare le decisioni dell'algoritmo per le proprie scelte economiche, il fatto di cercare di prevedere il mercato azionario in cui ora lui stesso con le proprie scelte iniziava ad avere un peso notevole, rese Algoorithm 6.1 totalmente inefficace e instabile, a discapito dei grandi sforzi dei programmatori. Non poteva, l'algoritmo, prevedere qualcosa che dipendeva dalle sue stesse previsioni, la dimensione del problema esplodeva troppo rapidamente anche for its atomic bit.

Once rendered ineffective, meaning the weather and so lost the confidence of the market towards the instrument. Once, however, 'the number of decisions requested by users were then dropped below a threshold, the prediction value and resumed again became strong, so as to attract even the attention of insiders. The strange dynamics produced several rounds of effectiveness and ineffectiveness of the software, following the application variable with the validity of the program itself, then up to generate entirely unpredictable cycles of validity of the predictions. And the unexpected happened, characteristic of the originality of the human world. People began to bet direttamente denaro sulle predizioni di Algoorithm 6.1, e da quel momento, con grande sorpresa di tutti, diventò lui stesso parte del mercato azionario, per così dire, con fluttuazioni del suo valore dipendente da tutto il resto. Il mercato si mangiò, digerendolo bene, Algoorithm 6.1.

Questo che poteva essere letto come un insuccesso, invece non scoraggiò la classe politica del pianeta. In effetti a loro discolpa può essere detto che il massiccio utilizzo nelle scelte politiche (soprattutto di politica estera) di Algoorithm 6.1 fu praticamente contemporaneo a quello nel gioco in borsa che ne rivelò per primo le patologie. Purtroppo era forse troppo presto per capire la pericolosità dell'auto referenza di Algoorithm 6.1 nel prendere le proprie decisioni, ma sicuramente i gerarchi politici del pianeta intero usarono quello strumento, che si sarebbe rivelato instabile, a cuor troppo leggero. Tanta era la fiducia che si era guadagnato sul campo nel primo periodo dopo la sua uscita. Lo usarono appunto per risolvere questioni di politica estera di importanza capitale. Come per esempio la gestione della crisi delle fonti energetiche, che aveva lasciato il pianeta in fermento dopo la notizia dell'esaurimento totale da li a pochi anni delle miniere d'idrogeno solido, insieme alle poche sorgenti trovate su Marte di quel Neodimio debolmente radioattivo che faceva tanto sperare come generazione futura di propellente a basso impatto.

Guidate da un algoritmo confuso e destabilizzato dal non poter evitare di mettere le proprie stesse scelte come parametro per generarne delle nuove, le decisioni dei politici terrestri furono globalmente un clamoroso disastro, e fecero piombare il pianeta nel baratro di una guerra, che dal nostro punto di osservazione possiamo benissimo definire civile . Nel loro anno 2147, quella civiltà degli Umani si auto-estinse sotto l'azione di armi di nuova concezione sviluppate contemporaneamente dalle varie fazioni geografiche in lotta.

Qual'è quindi l'insegnamento che possiamo trarre dalla storia di quel popolo su quel piccolo pianeta lontano? La technology and its algorithms were not yet ready to Earth, the leap to self reference. The natural evolution had actually taken on carbon-based living systems (and humans before other) to the jump required to create and pass along the idea (and hence the contradiction) inherent to the concept of "self." We know for a common experience, that this step toward understanding that we Existing NGCx189 the galaxy we have gained a higher level, does not depend strictly on the atoms of which we are made of Tellurium. It seems that the humans were on the right direction (although not for certain elements we now assert it), and a final so catastrophic that civilization would not have occurred, short-sighted selfishness had not sinned in front of a global crisis, and had not taken into account so with disarming confidence the partial results of their imperfect technology.

Rather than look at themselves more effectively to develop their own evolution (which, however, was already well beyond the early stages of animal life, unwittingly), they were dazzled by their artifacts are still too primitive. Instead of a mind groped to build a new substrate, which is certainly as difficult as possible in the short term, they might have done better to focus on developing and improving its already existing, which promised so much.

here conclude my speech, thanking the organization of this session 23.2y.1 "Different Cognitive Systems in pre-Inclusive Nearby Galaxies", which closes here, and I yield the floor to the next speaker, from NGZ-23.1.

FP aSx.31

I.0.1.77 class.

NGCx189 Galaxy - 12v.1.66 place - time 12c.4.4.56

Monday, June 16, 2008

Pa Road Test Guidelines

vs RIC FLAIR HULK HOGAN (WWF - Madison Square Garden 1991)




This is the first clash between the two largest and most famous wrestlers of the 80s.
A real "Dream Match" for fans of that era.
As even the walls will, in the '80s, the two icons par excellence of wrestling have been no doubt whatsoever, "The Nature Boy" Ric Flair and "The Immortal" Hulk Hogan, WWF and NWA, respectively. Military in two rival federations, a match like that you could only fantasize. Until then-WWF Ric Flair put him under contract ... Unfortunately
between the two there was a real feud until Hulk Hogan was hired by WCW!
It 's amazing all this: the WWF was in the hands of pure gold and he knew how to take advantage.
What I propose is a match I unknown to many: the first real encounter between Ric Flair and Hulk Hogan at Madison Square Garden in New York.
Great psychology and above all great "storytelling" ...
What are you waiting? Press Play!

Luca "Poison" Celauro

I Have Mud On My Suede Boots How Do I Clean Them

WCW BEACH BLAST 1992: CACTUS JACK vs.






A match different from the classic match of Sting. Difficult to see a match so hard and spectacular as this in America at that time.

Cactus Jack was already a big name in 1992. Japanese strong experience in FMW, was considered one of the most hardcore ever saliti sul ring. Una volta tornato in America, Cactus Jack decise di approdare alla WCW e dopo una grande scalata per arrivare ai piani alti della federazione gli fu data l’opportunità di sfidare nientemeno che il campione del mondo Sting a “WCW Beach Blast 1992”. La stipulazione del match era molto favorevole allo stile Hardcore dello sfidante: un “Falls Count Anywhere”.

Luca "Poison" Celauro

Sunday, June 15, 2008

Paint Colors Cherry Floors

STING STING: THE MOMENT OF TRUTH


Press "Play" to see the full "STING: THE MOMENT OF TRUTH" (to the left and right arrows will change the chapter)


"The Moment of Truth" is not a film nor a documentary about Sting's career. The Moment of Truth is like a long interview that Steve Borden does to himself, the result is a biographical documentary assembled and film acting. The film idea was the same Steve Borden, who tells about his personal life, wants to make known to all, but with a huge Christ did in his life. Bisogna sapere infatti che Sting ha avuto dei grossi problemi nella sua vita privata, sin da quando iniziò la sua carriera da wrestler professionista: la lontananza da sua moglie Sue (con la quale prima di portarla all’altare era stato fidanzato molto tempo) a causa dei continui spostamenti da una parte all’altra del mondo che il wrestling comporta, aveva logorato piano piano il loro rapporto. E così mentre la carriera di Sting decollava, Steve Borden, stava sempre più male perché il wrestling stava letteralmente distruggendo la sua vita privata, facendogli saltare compleanni children, anniversaries and all special events that make the family relationship. Steve then decided to stifle his sadness turned to alcohol and pills, becoming even more dependent and complicating his life. In this moment of total despair, however, Sting remembers when at the beginning of his career, when he was in serious economic difficulties, the Lord gave him strength and courage needed to break into the big business of wrestling and later to become one of the most representative and important wrestler of all time.

giving his life to God and back onto the right path that had long since lost, Sting manages to put some order into his life, literally saving her marriage, becoming a present and loving husband and an exemplary father to his children. The film is directed by the director in a controversial George King, who, understandably, has to work with low budgets and many scenes are affected (the arenas, for example, are little set with black walls to which are added, in other shots, the public TNA). For a fan of the Stinger, but it is difficult to accept the fact of seeing the scenes of wrestling chronologically confused and in some cases just wrong (in fact, are shown between the various sections recited, some scenes WCW archive but are often at odds with what is narrated by the drama of the film). One thing that particularly annoyed me because it was the lack of care of the young trick "Surfer" Sting, who arrived in the ring with his face painted with very excessive especially with artistic designs, which unfortunately is not reflected in the film presenting Sting of the young with little tricks aggressive and not so beautiful. Another note

demerit for the makeup of a black & white "Sting. As we all probably know, the black and white makeup of the Stinger has had several variations (from no expression, that much closer to that of the Crow, that the aggressive and sad) that in the movie it only seen in movies' s interlude of WCW creating a bit of confusion (at least visually) in the viewer. Defects that are obviously experiencing the true fans of the wrestler to which it seems that Steve Borden and the director does not have given much importance, focusing more on the scenes of her private life.

Steve Borden surprise turns out to be a great actor and Donnie strides (who plays by Steve Young and Sting in the "multicolor") plays its role fairly enough in the descending part. Some scenes were filmed at the TNA Asylum in Nashville, the first home of the Federation of Jerrett, and see some wrestlers who have never clashed with Sting (such as Abyss, Lance Hoyt and the AMW) as if the wrestlers were still in business. The film, regardless of the choice of director, however, does not go unnoticed: the story is told is very interesting and leaves a lot to think about (and this was the purpose of the director and Sting), unfortunately the film is not 'dubbed in Italian and can be purchased only in language DVDs the official site of the original Sting (www.therealsting.com) and other online stores like (eBay or Amazon.com). Council to see this film to all fans of Sting and wrestling fans in general who want to know more about the hero that has entertained our evenings with incredible actions, descending from the roof of the arena like a superhero, and setting the screen with her sad eyes, yeah ... because they are the eyes that tell the story of a man.

Luca "Poison" Celauro.

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Carlo Capone CARMEN LUNA or COLLAGEMANIA Internacional

CARMEN LUNA Still
recycling ... Still
spent visiting this planet ...
Still loving the remains lying ... Still sculpting
paper ...
While your mind is filled with joy ... because you know
rescue,
Restore, Create ...
Because

while
other magickal intentions sleep
unique worlds

YOU ... Querida artista
haces ALQUIMIA
con tus sentimientos viscerales
por la gracia de una apasionada vida
entregada al ARTE.

(Giovanna di Arco)

Se recomienda ver las magistrales obras
de la artista Carmen Luna:


http://www.carmen-luna.com

ALCHEMY of CARMEN MOON

You continue recycle… You continue crossing this one spent planet… You continue loving the thrown rest… You continue carving the paper… While your full soul of joy… Because you know to rescue, To recover, To create… Because while the others they sleep its magical intentions Of unique worlds YOU… Dear artist beams ALCHEMY with your visceral feelings by the grace of an enthusiastic life given to the ART. (Giovanna Di Arco)
It is recommended to see skillful works of the artist Carmen Luna:

http://www.carmen-luna.com

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PyMol, o dell'open source che guadagna





Ho un bell'esempio, appena trovato in rete, di cui mi sento di fare un po' di pubblicita': PyMOL e' un sistema, basato su Python, per disegnare accuratamente in 3D molecole complesse. Sembra essere uno strumento molto potente, e quello che mi ha colpito e' che e' ormai usato often on the covers of magazines such as Nature and Science, whose standards, in terms of graphics, are high. The company that produced and maintains the DeLano Scientific, says that a quarter of biological images in literature are produced by their software (examples around).

It 's a small company, who can' afford only a fixed salary and perhaps two in a moment. They give the software for free, and the source code and 'available. In pymon and Debian 'etch in a standard package that you can' easily download aptitude. You can 'change and ridistribure but to quote the parent company. The money for them come from voluntary donations escvlusivamente users. But not only in gratitude, that they would not survive easily. Users "paying" special purchase rights for specific support, and have the latest updates already 'completed (provided the source is always open to be able to compile, but not everyone knows it). But above all, may request to develop this or that function in the original software and 'missing, paying for the service to other programs. In this way they have a "control" over where the software will go 'to improve in the near future, asking for corrections or new features'.

To me this seems a very honest way to earn money, certainly not for many hours, which will lead to long 'to have a buonissimo software per noi utenti e, spero per loro, una compagnia solida. Lo stesso funziona piu' o meno per Red Hat. In qualche modo questa gente si fa pagare per il lavoro che davvero fa, come noi tutti comuni mortali che andiamo in ufficio ogni mattina. Il software propietario e' una strana bestia invece: lo fai una volta e poi lo vendi per sempre. Non mi vengono in mente tanti altri esempi, forse un disco di musica ma mi pare gia' diverso. Certo c'e' tutto il lavoro iniziale, che questa gente in qualche modo "rischia" dando via gratis, sperando nel ritorno successivo. Non e' per ora un sistema economico che facilmente possa essere reso globale, perche' c'e' un'alta componente romantica non puramente mirata al guadagno che e' molto lontana dalla mentality 'current. But it 'a niche which I hope will grow exponentially because' I see potential gains for all, especially in the quality 'of things produced.

The advantage for users and 'obvious, as they say in the introduction of their software, "Because of PyMOL's unusual status [open source], you can be confident That the time you invest today in the learning package Will Provide you with long term utility no matter where our career Takes happens to you. " No license means freedom must be paid 'to use it anytime, anywhere. And if the active interaction with users (which show the way for new developments) really will improve 'the product as expected (and indeed it is doing), this will want to 'say that the software can' seriously become an industry standard. So money coming into the coffers of the parent company that will continue 'with its paid services. Finding a new way to make money and sustainable 'need.

PyMOL, user manual.

Tuesday, June 10, 2008

Canini Teeth Images Human



EU Takes Swipe at Microsoft


By James Kanter Published: June 10, 2008

from: Herald Tribune
BRUSSELS: The European Union's competition commissioner, Neelie Kroes, delivered an unusually blunt rebuke to Microsoft on Tuesday
by recommending that businesses and governments use software based on open standards
.

Kroes has fought bitterly with Microsoft over the past four years, accusing the company of defying her orders and fining it nearly €1.7 billion, or $2.7 billion, for violating European competition rules. But her comments were the strongest recommendation yet by Kroes to jettison Microsoft products, which are based on proprietary standards, and to use rival operating systems to run computers.

"I know a smart business decision when I see one -
choosing open standards is a very smart business decision indeed

," Kroes told a conference in Brussels. "No citizen or company should be forced or encouraged to choose a closed technology over an open one."

Kroes did not name Microsoft in advance copies of her speech, but she made her meaning clear by referring to the only company in EU antitrust enforcement history that has been fined for refusing to comply with European Commission orders - a record held by Microsoft.

"The commission has never before had to issue two periodic penalty payments in a competition case," she said.


The EU has previously ruled against Microsoft for abusing its dominance in the markets for software to play music on computers and to communicate with powerful server computers on a network. In recent months, Kroes has opened new investigations against Microsoft after complaints that it was competing unfairly in the market for Web browsers by using the Explorer software. Kroes is also investigating whether Microsoft is making it too hard for rivals to work with its Office suite applications.


In her speech, Kroes said there were serious security concerns for governments and businesses associated with using a single software supplier. She praised the City of Munich for using software based on open standards , along with the German Foreign Ministry and the Gendarmerie Nationale, a department of the French police force.


Kroes, who is Dutch, encouraged the Dutch government and Parliament to continue moving toward use of open standards. EU agencies "must not rely on one vendor" and "must refuse to become Particular locked into a technology - jeopardizing maintenance of full control over the information in the ITS possession, "she said.

A policy Adopted by the European Commission last year to Promote the use of software products That support open standards" needs to be Implemented with vigor , "she said.

Monday, June 2, 2008

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Stock Artists Campani

Archivio Artisti Campani